Journal of Plant Process and Function

Salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in plant response to adverse environmental conditions. So in this study the effect of SA treatment in three concentrations of 0 (Control), 0.1 and 1mM sprayed on the leaves and fruits of two grape cultivars "Shahani" (with black berries) and " Fakhri" (with green berries) at two growth stages; unripe and ripe stages was investigated. Experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD) with seven treatments and three replications. The results of comparing of two growth stages showed, SA treatment at 0.1mM concentration cause the effectively increase of flesh weight content of berries, chlorophyll a and b (Except the chlorophyll b content of the berries skin of both cultivars at the ripe stage of fruit) of leaves and berries skin of both two "Shahani" and " Fakhri" cultivars at both two unripe and ripe stages of fruit compared to control was. The results showed, at unripe stages SA treatment at 1and 0.1 mM concentrations respectively at leaves and berries skin of "Shahani" and " Fakhri" cultivars cause the effectively increase of soluble and insoluble sugars content compared to control was. At ripe stages as SA treatment in 0.1 mM concentrations soluble sugars content and in 1 mM concentrations insoluble sugars content effectively increased. The highest amount of soluble sugar, in the fruit ripe stage in the berries skin of both cultivars treated with a SA 0.1 mM concentration was,that The amounts of these in the cultivars "Shahani" and "Fakhri" were respectively 2.162 and 2.0 mg/gDw. So results of comparing of two stages showed, at unripe stage proline content of most organs of both "Shahani" and " Fakhri" cultivars by SA treatment at 1mM concentration increased. But at ripe stage of fruit SA treatment at 0.1mM concentration cause the effectively increase of proline content organs of leaves and flesh of both cultivar compared to control was and at organs of seed and berries skin of both cultivar cause the effectively decrease of proline content of both cultivar compared to control was. The highest amount of proline content, in the fruit ripe stage in the berries skin of both cultivars treated with a SA 1 mM concentration was showed,that The amounts of these in the cultivars "Shahani" and "Fakhri" were respectively 1.03 and 0.95 Mmol/g. Determination of content some of elements organs of leaves both cultivar at ripe stage showed that, SA treatment in leaves "Shahani" and " Fakhri" cultivars respectively at 1 and 0.1 mM concentrations cause the effectively increase of K and Zn content was. SA treatment at 0.1mM concentration cause the effectively increase elements of Fe to amount12.89 mg/l and Ca to amount 0.38 mg/l of leaves " Fakhri" cultivars was, but in leaves "Shahani" cultivars effect decreased. As content Mg and Na elements of leaves both cultivars as by SA treatment decreased. These results indicated in the majority of tissues, uses of SA treatment especially at 0.1mM concentrations can be the source of stimulating the synthesis of some photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, proline and also some elements such as iron, calcium, potassium and zinc.