Volume 14, Issue 66 (vol. 14, no. 66 2025)                   2025, 14(66): 265-286 | Back to browse issues page

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Soltani Alikooyi M, Abbasi Surki A, Fallah S, Ghasemi Nafchi M. Improving the content of essential oil and active compounds in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) through spraying L-phenylalanine and induction of drought stress. Plant Process and Function 2025; 14 (66) : 16
URL: http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2139-en.html
Improving the content of essential oil and active compounds in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) through spraying L-phenylalanine and induction of drought stress
Marzie Soltani Alikooyi1 , Ali Abbasi Surki * 2, Sina Fallah1 , Mehdi Ghasemi Nafchi3
1- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
2- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran , aliabbasis.1359@gmai.com
3- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
Abstract:   (8 Views)
To investigate the effect of L-phenylalanine on the secondary metabolites of rosemary under drought stress conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications at Shahrekord University, 2021. The first factor involved drought stress at 50% of field capacity compared to normal irrigation, while the second factor examined various concentrations of L-phenylalanine (80 mg/L, 160 mg/L, and 320 mg/L). The findings indicated that drought stress led to a reduction in chlorophyll a (36%), chlorophyll b (46%), shoot dry weight (14.4%), and essential oil yield (12%), while simultaneously increasing carotenoid levels (114%), PAL enzyme activity (40.6%), phenolic compounds (5.6%), flavonoid compounds (35.5%), and the antioxidant capacity of the extract (5.6%) when normalized against the irrigated control. The application of concentrations ranging from 80 mg/L to 320 mg/L of L-phenylalanine increased chlorophyll a content (31 to 41.4%), shoot dry weight (17.7 to 14.7%), PAL enzyme activity (27 to 38.7%), phenolic compounds (12.4 to 13.4%), flavonoid compounds (60 to 69%), antioxidant capacity of the extract (10.5 to 11.5%), essential oil content (6 to 7.5%), and essential oil yield (27%) compared to the control. Due to the lack of significant difference between different concentrations of L-phenylalanine, 80 mg/L is significant as the optimal concentration. The primary constituents of the essential oil were identified as alpha-pinene (11.9%), 1,8-cineole (7.6%), camphor (12.8%), borneol (10.4%), and borneol acetate (12.8%). Drought stress decreased the levels of alpha-pinene, 1,8-cineole, and camphor while increasing those of borneol and borneol acetate. Application of L-phenylalanine resulted in the highest concentrations of alpha-pinene, 1,8-cineole, and camphor at 80 mg/L, whereas the maximum levels of borneol and borneol acetate were observed at 320 mg/L. Consequently, the application of controlled drought stress combined with L-phenylalanine spraying can effectively enhance the secondary metabolites in rosemary extracts and essential oil compounds, thereby improving the antioxidant properties of rosemary extract for potential applications across various industries.
Article number: 16
Keywords: Antioxidant, Rosemary, Irrigation, Phenol, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase
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Type of Study: Research | Subject: Plant Growth Regulators
Received: 2024/11/12 | Accepted: 2025/01/27 | Published: 2025/06/22
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