Journal of Plant Process and Function

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In order to investigate the effect of irrigation water salinity on some traits of dill plant, a series of experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design (RCD) in Isfahan. Salinity stress application (0.3 - 30 dS/m) in the laboratory conditions showed that the control treatment had the highest percentage and rate of germination (80.5 % and 15.2 seedling per day). The effect of salinity stress on the germination rate was more severe than its effect on germination percentage. Application of saline irrigation from 0.3 to 15 dS/m indicated that the highest percentage and rate of emergence (60 and 73.8 % and 5.1 and 10.3 seedling per day at greenhouse and field) were in the control treatment. Applying salinity treatments from 0.3 to 9 dS/m in the field, showed that control treatment had the highest biological yield (811.4 g/m²), seed yield (143.3 g/m²) and plant height (87.4 cm) and increasing salinity decreased these traits. The effect of saline irrigation on essential oil percentage was not significant. Seed and shoot essential oil yields varied from 2.7 to 3.3 and 4.6 to 6 ml/m² at different salinity levels, respectively, but their changes did not follow a specific trend. 12 and 13 different compounds were identified in the seed and aerial parts essential oils, respectively. The main components of essential oil were carvone, limonene and α-phellandrene. According to the results of this study, high levels of salinity had a negative effect on germination, emergence and agronomic traits (biological yield, seed yield and plant height) of dill plant.

Keywords: Essential oil compounds, Germination, Emergence, Seed yield, Biological yield

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