فرآیند و کارکرد گیاهی

This study focuses on improving the growth and tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when irrigated with saline well water, a common challenge in areas with limited freshwater resources. The research evaluates the effectiveness of nano fertilizers, specifically IQ Combi and nano silicon, in enhancing wheat performance under saline conditions. Field experiments were conducted during the autumn seasons of 2022 and 2023 using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Irrigation was carried out every 18 days using three levels of salinity (0, 50, and 75 mM NaCl). Nano fertilizers were applied as foliar sprays three times, beginning after the third leaf appeared and repeated every 15 days. The results showed that increasing salinity levels negatively affected key agronomic traits such as plant height, flag leaf size, number of tillers, and total biomass. Furthermore, there was a noticeable reduction in biochemical compounds, including carbohydrates, proteins, and both reducing and non-reducing sugars. However, the application of nano fertilizers improved all measured traits, with higher concentrations yielding better results. In particular, IQ Combi and nano silicon significantly increased the salt tolerance of the wheat variety 'IPA 99', especially under the highest salinity level (75 mM), by supporting growth and metabolic activity.