Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
The ability of alga Dunaliella salina strain UTEX-200 in bioremediation of aluminum from the environment
1
12
FA
Mansour
Shariati
University of Ifahn
mansour_shariati@yahoo.com
Y
The effect of concentrations 0(control), 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 µM of aluminum on the growth rate and content total chlorophyll of Dunaliella salina strain UTEX-200 has been studied for duration of 27 days. The results indicated that an increase in aluminum concentration resulted in a decrease in the growth rate and chlorophyll content. It seems that these effects are probably due to destruction of cell membrane and suppression of essential elements uptake, such of Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively. The treatment of algal suspension by different concentrations 0(control), 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 µM of aluminum resulted in algal cells-Al3+ ions binding, cell agglutination and sedimentation, reduction of the algal cell number in supernatant of cell suspension and consequently removal of aluminum. The results of adding EDTA to algal suspension for binding of aluminum and preventing of cell sedimentation confirmed algal cells-Al3+ ions binding. Also, this study indicated that not only each cell of algal suspension has defined capacity for sedimentation of aluminum, but just intact cells can bind to Al3+ ions and aluminum bioremediation. In adding, the results of this study indicates that strong binding of algal cells-Al3+ ions resulted in reduction of growth rate and cell division, cell agglutination and sedimentation and aluminum bioremediation.
, Bioremediation, Cell agglutination, Dunaliella
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-98-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-98-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
Biplot analysis for assessing morphological variation and drought tolerance in seven species of Brassica
13
26
FA
yousef
sharafi
Isfahan University of Technology
N
Mohammad Mahdi
Majidi
Isfahan University of Technology
Y
marzieh
mirkhani
Isfahan University of Technology
N
mahboobeh
rahnama
Isfahan University of Technology
N
In this experiment 36 accessions of seven species of Brassica genus were evaluated under field condition (for study of genetic variation) and under laboratory condition (for study seedling drought tolerance) in 2012 at Isfahan university of technology research farm. The statistic design in field was completely randomized block with three replications. Results of field assessments were suggestive of considerable variation between accessions for all of the measured traits with better performance for B. carinata with respect to seed yield. The results of principal component analysis showed that three independent factors explained 71 percent of total variability. In second experiment, accessions were evaluated under three levels of water deficit treatment (zero, -3 and -6 bar caused by PEG) in germination stage according to a factorial experiment based on the completely randomized design with three replications. Results indicated that for most of the traits, effect of water deficit levels, genotypes and their interaction were significant. Rootlet length was the most sensitive trait and increased by decreasing drought stress. Results of drought tolerance indices (such as TOL and STI) also confirmed that wild species such as B. nigra, B. oleracea and B. juncea may tolerate drought at least in germination stage. According to principal component analysis, B. fruticulosa and B. napus were found as the most sensitive and B. nigra, B. oleracea and B. juncea as the most drought tolerant species hence the latter species can be used as a good sources of genes for improving cultivated species in breeding programs
Biplot, variation, canola, drought, wild species
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-68-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-68-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
Effect of irrigation intervals and foliar application of iron and zinc on some physiological and morphological characteristics of red bean )Phaseolous vulgaris L..(
27
42
FA
Rouhollah
Saeidi Aboueshaghi
N
Alireza
Yadavi
yadavi@yu.ac.ir
Y
Mohsen
Movahhedi Dehnavi
movahhedi54@yahoo.com
N
Hamidreza
Baluchi
N
One of the negative effects of water stress on growth and crop production is micronutrient uptake reduction by plant root. Therefore, to evaluate the effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on some physiological and morphological characteristics of red bean (Akhtar cultivar) under drought stress this experiment was designed as a split plot in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Irrigation as the main plot at three level: Irrigation after 50, 75 and 100 mm evaporation from pan evaporation, and foliar application of micronutrients as the sub-plot at four level: foliar application with water (control), ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and a mixture of ferrous sulfate and zinc (each at a concentration 3/1000) was used. The results showed that delay in irrigation decreased leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content, plant height, number of lateral branches and seed yield and increased electrolyte leakage, leaf prolin and soluble sugar content in compared to control treatment. The effect of foliar application treatments was significant on all traits except leaf soluble sugars and plant height. The foliar application of Fe and Zn increased leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content, number of lateral branches and grain yield, and decreased electrolyte leakage and leaf prolin significantly. According to the results the foliar application of Fe and Zn improved physiological characteristics and stress tolerance in plants. Therefore, the plants were delayed in encountered with water stress condition, and produce a better performance.
Keywords: Electrolyte leakage, Foliar Application, Prolin, Water Stress
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
Evaluation of the effects of iron nanofertilizer on leaf growth, antioxidants and carbohydrate contents of Catharanthus roseus
43
56
FA
mehri
askari
arak uni.
m-askary@araku.ac.ir
Y
mohammadreza
Amirjani
arak uni.
N
tahereh
saberi
arak uni.
N
Nanomaterials are considered as one of the most important innovations of modern science. Nanoparticles are highly reactive. These property are largely due to their size (from 1 to 100 nm), large surface area and high solubility. Among all the micronutrients, iron has the largest amount in plants. Iron is the catalytic component of many oxidization and redox enzymes and is needed for chlorophyll synthesis. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles in six different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 micromolar) and compelte Hogland nutrient medium (include fe-chelate) as control environment was given to Catharanthus roseus plant for 70 days. The results have shown that iron oxide nanoparticles significantly increased the leaf growth parameters and carbohydrate contents in comparison with control plants, but it had no effects on the amount of proline, antioxidants and the stomatal density of leaf. The highest amounts of leaf growth parameters was obtained in 30μl iron oxide nanoparticles and the lowest values of these parameters was found with 0μl iron oxide nanoparticles. The highest values of proline and antioxidants activity were measured in 0μl iron, since this concentration is considered as stress for plant. Therefore use of iron oxide nanoparticles fertilizer is recommended, because it reduce the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers into the environment.
Antioxidants, Catharanthus roseus, growth parameters, iron oxide nanoparticles
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-129-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-129-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
The effects of salinity and salicylic acid on morphological and physiological traits of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) at earlier growth stages
57
66
FA
Zohre
Diyanat
Shiraz University
N
Kobra
Maghsoudi
Shiraz University
N
Zahra
Diyanat
Shiraz University
N
Yahya
Emam
Shiraz University
Yaemam@gmail.com
Y
In order to evaluate morphological and physiological responses of sorghum (Pegah cultivar) to salt stress (0, 5, 10 and 15 dS/m) and different salicylic acid (SA) levels (0, 0.75 and 1.5 mM), an experiment was carried out in research green house of college of Agriculture Shiraz University during 2012 using a factorial as randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that salinity reduced stem length and leaf area of sorghum and the effect of salinity level at 15 dS/m was more pronounced. On the contrary, foliar application by SA increased these parameters. Moreover, salt stress and foliar SA increased the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase and chlorophyll content. In summary, it can be concluded that foliar application of sorghum by SA improved growth and enhanced salt tolerance in this plant. Indeed, SA stimulated sorghum growth under salinity stress via enhanced anti-oxidant defense system, reduced oxidative stress and increased photo synthetic pigments.
NaCl, catalase, superoxide dismutase
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-72-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-72-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
Effects of water stress on physiological growth indices and phonological traits in Thymus kotschyanus Boiss.
67
80
FA
Babak
Bahreininejad
Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
bahreini@ag.iut.c.ir
Y
Jamshid
Razmjoo
Isfahan University of Technology
krazmjoo@cc.iut.ac.ir
N
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of water stress on growth indices and phenological traits and growth indices of Thymus kotschyanus during 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. A field experiment was carried out with three irrigation regims (T20, T50 and T80 representing irrigation after 20, 50 and 80% soil water depletion, respectively) using a randomized complete block design with four replications at Experimental Station of Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center. Dry matter (DM), leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and growth lenghth were decreased under water stress. DM in second year (152 gr m-2) was more than 2 times of the first year (67 gr m-2). The highest rate of CGR, LAI and DM were obtained at early blooming, 50 and 100% flowering stage, respectively. Phenological stages provoked 100-150 GDD under water stresses. DM was decreased 60% over increasing water stress from T20 to T80. The results suggested that for the highest yield production, 20% soil water depletion is recommended and harvesting should be done at fully flowering stage and prevention of water stress in early blooming stage is also recommended.
GGrowth indices, Phenology, Thymus kotschyanus, Water deficit
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
Native tolerance of four day old seedlings wheat to drought stress
81
92
FA
Parisa
Koobaz
TMU
N
Faezeh
Ghanati
TMU
ghangia@modares.ac.ir
Y
Ghasem
Hosseini Salekde
ABRII
N
Manzar
Heidari
ABRII
N
Foad
Moradi
ABRII
N
Raufeh
Ale Buye
ABRII
N
The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate nativedesiccation tolerance and its mechanism in wheat seedlings of different genotypes. At the first step, drought stress was applied by using different concentrations of poly ethylene glycol (PEG) and mannitol. Since the fact that these compounds (even in high concentrations) were not able to produce sever water stress, the experiment was carried out by stop irrigation method. The results of drought tolerance in different days of growth (3,4 & 7 days) showed that four-day wheat seedling had the most tolerance to serious drought stress and this toleration was similar to that of desiccation tolerant and resurrection plants. Also, it was intuitive, irrespectiveof wheat genotypes.Four-day wheat seedlingswere well ableto tolerate droughtstress up to more than 3weeks and produce new roots 3 days after re-watering. One Iranian cultivar which was sensitive to terminal drought stress, Marvdasht, was used for the further analysis. Prolonged drought stress (10 to 30 days) showed that 4-day seedlings of thisgenotype tolerated desiccation and grew up very well.The results also showed that soluble sugars, e.g. glucose and mannose increased after stress but decreasedafter re-watering. Cessation of the growth of seedlings which were separated from seeds even in nutrient media indicated thatconnection to seeds is an inevitablecondition for expression of drought tolerance by seedlings.
Drought stress, Resurrection plants, Wheat seedling
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-123-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-123-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
Evaluation of salt tolerance in desert wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum L.)
93
104
FA
rahil
tajmir riahi
Young Researchers Club, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University
Rahil.tajmir@yahoo.com
N
Nematollah
Etemadi
Isfahan University of Technology
Etemadin@cc.iut.ac.ir
Y
Forogh
Mortazainezhad
Azad University of Khorasgan
Mortazainezhad@yahoo.com
N
amir
sadeghi
Isfahan University of Technology
am_sadeghi_rose@yahoo.com
N
Because of water and soil salinity, there are many problems for turfgrass in Iran. use of salt tolerant native plants is one of the appropriate way for solving these problems. This study was undertaken to evaluate effect of four levels of salinity (less than2, 4, 8 and 16 ds/m) on morphological and physiological characteristics in naitive grass, Wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum). The experiment was performed based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that salinity stress decreased turfgrass qualiy (TQ), fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots, relative water content (RWC) and root and shoot potassium contents. Also, salinity stress increased shoot and root sodium contents, electrolyte leakage (EL), proline contents and activity of enzymes. According to reduction in TQ and RWC and increase in EL under salinity stress, it seems that increasing in proline contents and enzymes activities could not be able to reduce the damage caused by stress. All of the measured parameters in this study showed the significant differences with control plant in 4 ds/m salinity level. The results showed the wheatgrass is salt-sensitive and salt tolerance it was less than 4 (ds/m).
Antioxidant enzymes, Ion leakage, Native species, Proline content, Relative water content
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-156-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-156-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
The Effect of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungus Glomus mosseae on the Growth and Yield of of three ecotype of hemp (cannabis sativa L.) under saline soil and saline water
105
114
FA
Mahmoud Reza
Tadayon
Shahrekord university
mrtadayon@yahoo.com
Y
In order to evaluate the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi species (Glomus mosseae) to salinity stress of three ecotype of hemp, a study was carried out at a fields in north east of Isfahan city in 2012 growing season. The experimental design set as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three hemp ecotype (Shiraz, Mashhad and Isfahan) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi species of Glomus mosseae and control under saline soil and saline water. Result showed that the total dry weight, height, number of latral shoots and grain yield of Mycorrhizal plant was highest than the non Mycorrhizal plant. The ecotype of Shiraz with Mycorrhizal had the highest precente of K+. AM fungi significantly enhanced the concentration of K+. Hemp Mycorrhizal plants absorbed less amounts of Na+ and inhibit their transfer to the shoots. In this reaserch obsrvered ecotype of Shiraz with Mycorrhizal had the most resistance to salinity under salin soil and water.
hemp, Mycorrhiza, salinity stress, symbiosis
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-66-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-66-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
The effect of cold storage time on some physiological properties of two apple cultivars
115
124
FA
bahram
yavari
university
bahram.yavari@gmail.com
N
nader
chaparzadeh
university
nchapar@azaruiv.ac.ir
Y
saeed
najavand
university
s.najavand@azaruiv.ac.ir
N
Minaieh
Minaieh
university
N
Alireza
Mohammadpour
university
N
Different biological and environmental factors, harvesting way, transport, storage time and the method of storage are affected agricultural product properties. As a result of climacteric nature and continuous physiological life of apple fruit, the biochemical changes are very economic. This study was designed for obtain deep knowledge from this changes and effects of them in apple quality. In first week of Oct. 2012 the fruits of two apple cultivars harvested and stored in cold house (Malekan city, East Azarbaijan). Independently factors, storage time (0, 45, 90, 135 days) and cultivar (Golden delicious and Red delicious), were tested with factorial analysis in completely randomized design for some apple fruit characteristics. Results showed significant differences between cultivars in most biochemical characteristics. With increasing storage time, protein, soluble sugars, reducing and non-reducing sugars contents and the juice pH were significantly increased however, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and electrical conductivity were decreased. Cold storage did not significant change on insoluble sugars content. It is assumed that time dependent biochemical changes may occur with cold storage of apple fruits hence leads to changing the quality of fruits.
apple, cold storage, electrical conductivity, sugar, titratable acidity
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-125-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-125-en.pdf
Iranian Society of Plant Physiology
Journal of Plant Process and Function
2322-2727
2383-3688
3
7
2014
9
1
Effect of sunflower (Helianthus annuus ) alcoholic extract on germination, vegetative growth, some enzymes activities of Avena ludoviciana
125
132
FA
roozbrh
farhoudi
islamic azad uni
rfarhoudi@gmail.com
Y
adel
madhaj
N
In order to evaluate the allelopatic potential of sunflower alcoholic extract against winter wild oat (Avena ludoviciana) at germiantion and vegetative growth stage two expriments were coducted in Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch at 2012. Both expriments were laid out according to Completely Randomized Design with five replications and treatments were various concentration of sunflower extract (0, 5,10,15 and20 gr L-1). Results indicated sunflower alcoholic extract application exhibited gradual rise inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling weight, antioxidant enzymes activity and -amylase enzyme activity but elevated the mean germination time and malondialdehyde concentration in winter wild oat seedlings. The lowest -amylase enzyme activity was noted at higher levels of extract application (1.1 nmol seed -1 min-2). Likewise, seedling weight, antioxidant enzyme activities and sucrose synthetesis enzymes activity were declined with sunflower extract application but malondialdehyde concentration increased. Menimum sucrose synthesis activity (1.36 nmol prot -1 min-2 ) and highest malondialdehyde concentration (0.96 nmol grfw-1) was noted at 20 grL-1 concentration of sunflower alcoholic extract application. In conclusion, sunflower alcoholic extract decreased seed germination, seedling growth, -amylase enzyme and sucrose synthetesis enzymes activity of winter wild oat.
antioxidant enzyme, allelopathy, malondialdehyde, biological herbicide
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-49-en.html
http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-49-en.pdf