@article{ author = {hosseini, hamidreza and chehrazi, mehrangiz and nabatiahmadi, daryoosh and mahmoodisorestani, mohamm}, title = {Induction of autotetraploidy in Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus cv. Rosea) by colchicine treatment in order to induce diversity of morph-physiological and phenology traits}, abstract ={In order to induce of autotetraploidy and to evaluate changes in morphological and phenology characters of Madagascar (Catharanthus roseus cv. Rosea) an experiment was implemented in a randomized complete blocks design with four concentrations of colchicine (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4%) Spraying was carried out in six replicates in the two true leaf stages. The results of the analysis by using flow cytometry, cytogenetic and morphological indicated that treatments of 0.2 and 0.4% had significant effect (p<0/01) on all traits and also on the percentage of tetraploid and death. The highest percentage of tetraploid showed in 0.4 percent treatment (42 percent).The results of this study suggested a significant increase (p<0/01) in growth duration, number of branch, leaf area, leaf number, flower diameter, duration of flowering, durability of flowers on the plant, chlorophyll content, weight of seed 1000 and shoot fresh and dry weight of tetraploid plants compared to the diploid plants. Flowers diameter was 42 and 52 mm on average, respectively for diploid and tetraploid. Also durability of flowers and flowering period in diploid plants was 3.2 and 150.4 days respectively, and in tetraploid plants 6.8 and 178 days respectively. Some traits such as number of fruits and seeds per plant were significantly higher in diploid than tetraploid plants. Samples treated with 0.2 % colchicine due to a lower percentage of death compared to treatment with 0.4 % was known as the best concentration for polyploidy stimulating in Madagascar periwinkle plant.}, Keywords = {Catharanthus, Ploidy level, Flow cytometry, Phenology, Colchicine }, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Afsharmohammadian, Mansour and Esmaeili, Sara and Almasi, Zahra and Shakib, Fatemeh and Majidi-Shilsar, Farzad and ShokriVahed, Hassan and Aliakbar, Alireza and ShokrzadehLamuki, Mohamm}, title = {Total protein and some mineral elements content under different pesticides treatment in brown and white grain of three varieties of rice}, abstract ={In order to assess the effects of different pesticides on nutrient levels of rice, three pesticides (Diazinon, Tricyclazole and Butachlor) which are commonly used in paddy fields in Iran were selected in a randomized complete block with 3 replicates in field condition. The result indicated that the impact of different pesticides on total protein and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in brown and white rice grain of varieties of Hashemi and Khazar did not show significant differences. Also, results indicated that nitrogen content was significantly reduced in Gohar variety using herbicide of Butachlor in white and brown grain of rice, and for fungicide Tricyclazole only in brown rice at 1% level compared with control. Phosphorus content increased significantly in brown grain Gohar variety of rice for two pesticides of Butachlor and Tricyclazole at 5% levels and for Diazinon at 1% level but, potassium content was not significantly different in brown and white grain of rice. Also total protein content of brown grain was significantly reduced using three pesticides compared with control. The above results were due to the impacts of pesticides on leaf photosynthesis and mineral assimilation and transportation in plants. Also different crop cultivars in response to the same or different pesticides differed in morphology, physiology, growth habit and phenology. Therefore, any selective pesticide on a specific crop cultivar might induce injury to other cultivars.}, Keywords = { mineral elements, pesticide, rice, total protein}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {11-20}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-206-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-206-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Badpa, Khadijeh and MovahhediDehanvi, Mohsen and Yadavi, Alirez}, title = {Interaction of cadmium nitrite and salicylic aside on antioxidant enzyme activity and leaf soluble protein and malondialdehyde of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Soffe)}, abstract ={Today, soil and water contamination with heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), have been one of the important challenges for environment and human and plant health. Application of plant growth regulators such as Salicylic acid (SA) have been the proper option for mitigation of Cd impact on plant growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction of Cd and SA on antioxidant enzyme activity, leaf soluble protein and malondialdehyde of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Soffe). This experiment was carried out as factorial based on CRD with four replications. Treatments included of four levels of cadmium nitrate (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg kg-1soil) and three levels of foliar application of Salicylic acid (0, 0.5 and 1 mM). Results showed that interaction of Cd and SA was significant for protein contents, catalase, proxidas, polyphenol oxidas and superoxide dismutase activity and malondyaldehyd. Increasing of Cd levels significantly increased the malondyaldehyd, catalase, proxidas, polyphenol oxidas and superoxide dismutase activity, but SA application inversed this trends. SA mitigates the detrimental effects of Cd and improved the physiological response of safflower under Cd stress.}, Keywords = {Antioxidant Enzyme, Cadmium Nitrate, Maylondyaldhyd, Safflower, salicylic acid}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {21-32}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-144-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-144-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {sadeghi, amir and Etemadi, Nematollah and Nikbakht, Ali and Sabzalian, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Evaluation of different levels of shade tolerance in two cool-season grass species: desert wheatgrass (Agropyron deserturum) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae Schreb. ‘Forager’)}, abstract ={The lack of light and shadow created by the development of human artificial and shade of the trees in landscapes are the one of the main challenge facing the lawn as one of the main components of urban landscapes. In this study, the effects of different shade levels (0, 50, 70 and 90%) on the appearance and morphological characteristics of wheatgrass (Agropyron deserturumL.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae Schreb. ‘Forager’) in a completely randomized design with three replications were examined. The results of this experiment showed that, in full sunlight, the wheatgrass had higher color degree, texture, tillering, shoot and root dry weight, root to shoot weight ratio and stomatal conductance in relation to other levels of irradiances. Therefore, wheatgrass showed higher efficiency in full sunlight than other levels of shade. Tall fescue exhibited higher efficiency at 50% shade level than full sunlight because of higher color degree, tillering, root to shoot weight ratio and photosynthesis. Based on the optimal properties for ornamental applications in landscape, Tall fescue had the better performance than wheatgrass under all levels of irradiances. However, both species did not tolerate 90% (dense) shade level.}, Keywords = {Shade, Tall fescue, and WheatgrassShade, Tall fescue, and Wheatgrass}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {33-44}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-126-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-126-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {askari, mehri and amini, fariba and jamali, fatemeh}, title = {Effects of zinc on growth, photosynthetic pigments, proline, carbohydrate and protein content of Lycopersicum esculentum under salinity}, abstract ={Zinc is one of micronutrients which reduces toxicity of sodium in plants and plays an important role in helping to the survival of crop plant under salinity stress. The research was conducted in a factorial experiment in completely randomized design with three replications in arak university in 1391 autumn. In this study, the effects of four salinity levels (0, 45, 90 and 120 mM NaCl) and three ZnSO4 levels (0, 5 and 10 μM) on tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) were investigated. The results showed that single salinity decreased of the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments and protein content, whereas increased the value of proline and carbohydrate in compared to the control plants. The results also showed that zinc treatment had positive effect on growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, protein and carbohydrate content, however ZnSO4 treatment reduced the amounts of proline. Treatment of tomato plants under salinity stress with ZnSO4 reduced significantly the negative effects of salinity stress on these parameters. The highest values of growth indexes, photosynthetic pigments and protein were measured in plants without salt stress and concentrations of 10 μM Zn and the lowest values of this indicators were measured in plants under 120 mM NaCl without Zn. Therefore, it is recommended that for growing tomato in saline soils with zinc deficiency, Zn should be supplied in a adequate quantities to soils or used of ZnSO4 foliar sprays.}, Keywords = {Ameliorative, salt stress, sodium choloride, Tomato, Zinc sulphate}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {45-58}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-115-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-115-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Majidi, Mohammad Mahdi and jafarzadeh, mohsen and rashidi, Fatemeh and mirlohi, Aghafakhr}, title = {Effect of drought stress on yield and some physiological traits in Canola varieties}, abstract ={This research was conducted to assess the effect of drought stress on grain yield and some physiological characteristics of 28 canola cultivars. Cultivars were evaluated at two moisture environments (normal and drought stress) according to randomized complete block design. Results of analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference among canola cultivars for all measured traits except for chlorophyll (a/b) ratio. Results showed that drought stress reduced variation for most of the studied traits. Under both moisture conditions coefficient of genetic variability for proline and chlorophyll content was at highest level. Estimate of heritability was higher than 50% for most traits indicating a greater impact of selection to improve these traits. The result indicated that drought stress significantly increased proline content while decreased grain yield, yield components and other traits. Cultivar ‘NK fair’ had the highest grain yield in both stress and non-stress conditions. Under water stress condition Esc 6152 cultivar and under non-stress condition Gkh 305 cultivar had the highest relative water content (RWC) and in terms of this physiological trait were recognized as drought tolerant cultivar.}, Keywords = {Drought stress, Seed yield, Physological traits, canola}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {59-70}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-197-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-197-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {moemeni, Fardin and Ghobadi, Mokhtar and Jalali-Honarmand, Saeid and Shekaari, Parviz}, title = {The response of physiological characteristics of chickpea to K and Zn fertilizers under dryland farming and supplementary irrigation conditions}, abstract ={This study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of supplementary irrigation and application of Zn and K fertilizers on physiological characteristics of chickpea. The experiment was conducted in a split plot-factorial using randomized complete blocks design with three replications at campus of agriculture and natural resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. Supplementary irrigation in two levels (W1= non irrigation and W2= supplementary irrigation at podding stage) was considered as main-plot on the other hand, combination treatments of Zn fertilizer in four levels (Zn1=0, Zn2=20, Zn3=40 and Zn4=60kg/ha) and K fertilizer in three levels (K1=0, K2=50 and K3=100kg/ha) were considered as sub-plots. The results showed that the effects of irrigation on all studied physiological characteristics were significant excluding chlorophyll-a and RWL. Likewise, the effect of Zn fertilizer on all parameters was significant. Moreover, the effect of K fertilizer on all parameters was significant excluding chlorophyll SPAD. Based on the results, supplementary irrigation increased the chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, chlorophyll-ab and relative water content (RWC). Under drought stress condition, proline content and storage protein were more than supplementary irrigation treatment. In the same way, application of K fertilizer improved all parameters excluding RWC. Application of 40kg Zn fertilizer improved all parameters in chickpea. In irrigation condition and already application of Zn and K fertilizers as much as optimum amount plant had a good physiological status and produced highest yield, too.}, Keywords = {Chickpea, Chlorophyll, Drought stress, Fertilizer, Protein, Proline }, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {71-84}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-155-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-155-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {AghaeiJoubani, Keyvan and Taei, Najmeh and Kanani, Mohammad Reza and yazdani, mahnaz}, title = {Effect of salt stress on some physiological and biochemical parameters of two Salvia species}, abstract ={Salinity is considered as one of the main limiting factors for growth and production of several agricultural crops all over the world. Also, salinity influences the growth and also synthesis of secondary metabolites of medicinal plants. Salvia viridis and Salvia spinosa are two aromatic species which belong to Salvia genus from Lamiaceae family. As the mechanisms of salt stress tolerance and also the effect of salinity on growth and production of secondary metabolites in these two salvia species have not been studied yet, the effects of salt stress on growth parameters and the essential oil composition in these plants were analyzed. Seedlings of two mentioned species, two weeks after germination and growth, were grown at different levels of NaCl including: 0 (control), 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM NaCl at Hogland medium in a hydroponic system. After four weeks, later, the growth parameters such as: shoot and root dry weight, Na+ and K+ concentrations, the amount of proline and soluble sugars, were measured. Also, the essential oil composition was compared between control and salt stress in S. viridis. Results showed that, by increasing of salt stress levels, shoot and root dry weight of both species were decreased. Salt stress resulted in increasing of soluble sugars and proline concentrations in aerial parts of both species. However, this increase in S. spinosa was a little higher than other species. K+ content was also decreased by salt stress in both species although in S. spinosa this decrease was less than S. viridis. Salt stress resulted in increasing of some essential oil compounds such as: -pinene, -3-carene and linalool in S. viridis in compared to the control plants. It could be concluded that less sensitivity of S. spinosa to salt stress can be attributed to more accumulation of proline and soluble sugars and inhibition of K+ decreasing under salt stress in this species.}, Keywords = {Essential oils, Proline, Salt stress Salvia spinosa, Salvia viridis, Soluble sugars. }, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {85-96}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-219-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-219-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Rashidi, Sakineh and Ebadie, Ali and Parmoon, Ghasem and Jahanbakhsh, Soodabe}, title = {Effect of various nitrogen sources on physiological and biochemical changes of beans under waterstress conditions.}, abstract ={Nitrogen has an important role for supplying carbon skeletons which needs for producing compatible solutes and stress tolerance enzymes. Water deficit affects nitrogen fixation in legums. So we studied the effect of various nitrogen sources on physiological, and biochemical features of bean under water stress. This experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse of university of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2012. The treatments irrigation included three levels (30, 55, and 80% of field capacity) and nitrogen sources (control, N source as ammonium, nitrate, and nitrate + ammonium). In this experiment lysine and methionine amino acids, catalase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes activity, soluble sugars, proline and proteins content measured in 3, 5 and 7 days after the stress induction. Water stress increased leaf proline and soluble sugars content. Using of nitrate and nitrate + ammonium caused the highest proline and total soluble sugars content, while enhancing stress intensity decreased protein content. Nitrate showed remarkable impact on protein content under water stress conditions. The highest lysine produced by severe stress, whereas methionine decreased by enhancing stress. Supplying mineral nitrogen significantly affected lysine content, compared to the control and increased and nitrate was the most effective nitrogen source for increasing methionine. Catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities were elevated under stress conditions, compared to the non-stress ones. Combined application of ammonium and nitrate showed the highest activities of these enzymes.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Amino acids, Catalase, Nitrogen, Proline, Soluble sugar, }, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {97-110}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Ahar, Raziyeh and Abnosi, Mohammad H. and Mahdiyeh, Majid and Amirjani, Mohammadrez}, title = {Study of viability and activity of antioxidant enzymes in Catharanthus roseus L. under the treatment of different concentration of sodium nitroprusside in culture media.}, abstract ={Nitric oxide (NO) has signaling property in plants, therefore the effect of nitroprusside (SNP) as an NO producing agent on viability in the cell culture, lipid peroxidation and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase in the callus of Catharantus roseus was investigated. Cell suspension was prepared from callus of Catharantus roseus, and the cells were treated with 0, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μM of sodium nitroprusside for 1, 3 and 6 days to determined the cell viability(based on trypan blue staining as well as MTT colorimetric assay). Then using 100 and 200 mM of sodium nitroprusside as selected dose, the cell suspension was used to investigate the cell morphological changes. In addition the callus tissue was treated with the same dose to estimate the level of lipid peroxidation and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and guaiacol peroxidase. Comparison of the data from trypan blue and MTT methods showed that the significant (p<0.05) differences in viability was concentration dependent with respect to control. Base on the morphology, SNP caused changes in the shape and size of the cell nuclei as well as disturbance in the chromatin. In addition changes in the cytoplasm such as shrinkage and cell border deform was observed in the treated cells compare to control. Also activity of the investigated enzymes following the oxidative stress increased significantly (p<0.05). The level of malondialdehyde as an indicator of lipid peroxidation also increased significantly. Sodium nitroprusside as an NO producing agent caused cellular membrane damage which results in cell viability reduction in the callus of catharantus roseus. Although the activity of the antioxidant enzymes increased significantly with respect to the oxidative stress but the produced cellular response was not able to compensate the damages.}, Keywords = {Catharantus roseus callus, viability, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {111-122}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-158-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-158-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Sadrzamani, Kamal and Sarmad, Jannat and Zavareh, Mohsen and Moshtaqhi, Mahyar}, title = {Effect of different chloride concentrations on yield and growth indices in tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.)}, abstract ={Chloride is an essential micronutrient for plants growth however it accumulates in large amounts in tobacco plants rapidly. To evaluate the effects of chloride concentrations in irrigating water on yield and growth indices of tobacco plant which has an important economic value, an outdoor pot experiment was established in completely randomized design during 2010 crop year at Guilan Tobacco Research Center. After transplanting similar seedlings to pots, four levels of chloride (0, 16, 32, 48 mg L-1) with 3 replicates were applied during rapid growth phase for 10 weeks. Treatment with 16 mg L-1 chloride significantly increased chlorophyll content, leaf area, leaf fresh weight, leaf area ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), relative leaf growth rate (RLGR) and leaf area duration (LAD) and significantly decreased unit leaf rate (ULR). Increased chloride concentration in 32 and 48 mg L-1 chloride treatments caused to increased leaf water content per area (LWCA) in comparison with control group. Chloride treatments had significant effect on leaf and root fresh weight, despite they had no significant effect on shoot and root dry weight. It seems applying 16 mg L-1 chloride to irrigation water results in improvement of yield and growth indices and increasing chloride level more than this amount caused to reduction in RGR and photosynthetic area in tobacco plant.}, Keywords = {Irrigation water, Chloride, Nicotiana tabacum, Growth indices, Yield}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {123-132}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-150-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-150-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {HosseiniFaradonbe, Nayereh alsadat and Mahmodi, Sohrab}, title = {Growth and yield analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under interference of wild barely (Hordeum spontaneum L.) in Isfahan region}, abstract ={A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the interference effects of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum L.) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield, in 2009. The effects of different densities of wild barley (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 plants m-2) in interferences with wheat at density of 300 plants m-2 were studied in a completely block design with three replications. Results showed that with increase in wild barley density, wheat yield decreased linearly and H. spontaneum at highest density treatment caused 24% yield loss in wheat. Also a significant decrease was observed in 1000- grain weight, leaf area index, crop growth rate and relative growth rate of wheat. However wheat height, seed number in spike and net assimilation rate of wheat was not affected by weed interference. Results clearly showed that Hordeum sponstaneum in high density can reduce growth and yield of wheat under irrigation condition in dry land regions.}, Keywords = {Competition, Density, growth indices, Hordeum spontaneum, wheat. }, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {133-142}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {HamidzadehMoghaddam, shiva and jahanbakhsh, Sodabeh and Ebadi, Ali}, title = {Effect of salicylic acid on the expression pattern of proteins involved in the regulation of programmed death in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)}, abstract ={One way of controlling plant response to various biotic stresses occurs through programmed cell death, this system is known as the hypersensitive reaction. Plant resistance system against stress is stimulated through different chemicals such as salicylic acid. Therfore, experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications, in order to identifying the expressed proteins treated with salicylic acid in the Chamran and Falat cultivars. At first, the concentration of proline, lysine and methionine amino acids were assessed, then one-dimensional and two-dimensional electrophoresis was implimented to identify the proteins involved in the programmed cell death. The results indicated that the concentration of lysine and methionine amino acids reduced and the concentrations of the proline that played an essential role in plant defense mechanisms, increased during the treatment and the results of 2D electrophoresis studies showed, changes in the expression of proteins in effect of salicylic acid is in direct relation with defense system against stress and also involvement of protein expression systems in the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, energy production and signal transduction.}, Keywords = {wheat, programmed cell death, salicylic acid, amino acids, proteomics}, volume = {3}, Number = {9}, pages = {143-154}, publisher = {Iranian Society of Plant Physiology}, url = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-230-en.html}, eprint = {http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-230-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Plant Process and Function}, issn = {2322-2727}, eissn = {2383-3688}, year = {2015} }