fa بررسی اثر نیکل بر شاخص‌های رشد، محتوای رنگیزه‌ها، کربوهیدرات محلول، پروتئین کل، تجمع نیکل و فعالیت آنزیم پرکسیداز گیاه پونه (Mentha longifolia L.) تنش فلزات سنگین Toxic ions stress پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">فلزات سنگین از جمله نیکل در زمره مهمترین آلاینده&shy;ها به شمار می&shy;روند. نیکل یک ریزمغذی ضروری برای گیاهان است. با این وجود با افزایش غلظت نیکل در محیط، مقدار بیش از حد آن در گیاهان تجمع یافته و باعث بروز سمیت می&shy;شود. </span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گیاه</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">&shy;</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">پالایی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">یک فناوری زیستی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">است،</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">که</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گیاهان</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">برای</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">زدودن</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">یا</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">کاهش</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">آلاینده&shy;های زیست محیطی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">استفاده</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">می&shy;شود. در</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">این</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">پژوهش،</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">منظور</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ارزیابی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">پتانسیل</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گیاه&shy;پالایی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و تجمع</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نیکل،</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">اثرات</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">سطوح</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">مختلف </span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نیکل</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">بر برخی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">از </span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">شاخص&shy;های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">رشد</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نمو</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گیاهان</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">پونه (</span></span></b><b><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">Mentha longifolia </span></i></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">L.</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">)</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">مورد</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">بررسی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">قرار</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گرفت</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">.</span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">غلظت&shy;های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">مختلف نیکل (صفر، 10، 50، 100 و 300 میلی&shy;گرم بر لیتر) در محیط کشت هیدروپونیک</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">اعمال</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">شد</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">توانایی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گیاه</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">پونه</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">برای تحمل نیکل و</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">اثرات</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نیکل</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">بر</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">برخی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">شاخص&shy;های</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">فیزیولوژیک</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و مورفولوژیک این گیاه بررسی</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">شد</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">.</span></b><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> آزمایش در قالب طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی انجام گردید. بررسی نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت نیکل در محلول غذایی، شاخص&shy;های طول ساقه و ریشه، سطح برگ، وزن خشک ریشه و بخش هوایی، محتوای کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین و کربوهیدرات محلول در گیاه پونه کاهش یافت درحالی&shy;که غلطت نیکل ریشه و بخش هوایی و پروتئین کل افزایش یافت. به&shy;طورکلی، با بررسی اثر نیکل بر شاخص&shy;های فیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک گیاه پونه در این پژوهش، این نتیجه حاصل شد که این گیاه قادر به مقاومت به تنش نیکل نبوده، بنابراین برای گیاه پالایی و زدودن مقادیر مازاد نیکل محیط مناسب نیست. همچنین با توجه به حساسیت این گیاه به نیکل، می&shy;تواند به&shy;عنوان گیاه شاخص آلایندگی نیکل محیط محسوب گردد.</span></span></b></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:right 0cm"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">Heavy metals, including nickel, are among the most important pollutants.</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Ni as a micronutrient is essential </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">for plants, </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt">however, with increasing concentrations of nickel in the environment, excess of the element accumulated in plants and causing toxicity.</span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt">Phytoremediation is a biotechnology, using the plant to remove or reduce environmental pollutants. </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">In this study, to evaluate the nickel phytoremediation potential and accumulation, the effects of different levels of nickel on some growth and development characteristics of <i>Mentha longifolia </i>L.<i>, </i>were studied. V</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt">arious concentrations of nickel (0, 10, 50, 100 and 300 mg/l) were treated in hydroponic culture, and in this condition, the plant potential for nickel tolerance and </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">nickel effects on some physiological and morphological characteristics of <i>M. longifolia </i>were evaluated. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Results analysis showed that characteristics: shoot and root length, leaf area, shoot and root dry weight, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanins and soluble carbohydrates content of the plant were reduced by increasing the concentration of nickel in nutrient solution but total protein and shoot and root nickel content were increased. Overally, based on evaluating of the effects of nickel on vegetative and physiological characters of <i>M. longifolia, </i>in this study, it can be acknowledged that the plant is not resistance to nickel stress, and is not suitable for phytoremediation and removing excess amounts of nickel in the environment. Also, due to the sensitivity of the plant to nickel stress, it can be counted as an indicator of environmental nickel pollution.</span></span></span></span></span> پونه, شاخص‌های رشد, فلزات سنگین, گیاه پالایی, مقاومت به تنش Mentha longifolia, Growth characteristics, Heavy metal, Phytoremediation, Stress resistance 215 228 http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-499-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 samira taghavi سمیرا تقوی sm.yazdanparast@chmail.ir No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران tahmaseb asemaneh طهماسب آسمانه asemaneh@yu.ac.ir Yes Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران mohsen movahedi dehnavi محسن موحدی دهنوی Movahhedi1354@yu.ac.ir No Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران