en The effects of mercury stress on the photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes تنش فلزات سنگین Toxic ions stress پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Mercury is one of the toxic and heavy metals that causes pollution in agricultural fields. <a name="_Hlk165366403">Mercury </a>aggregation disturbs cellular behaviors and stops plant growth. In order to examine the effects of mercury on wheat growth indexes, a study with 4 commercial genotypes of Iran, Sirvan, Sivand, Parsi and Sepahan in various levels<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:19"> </ins></span></span>of this element (0, 30, 70, 100 mg/kg soil) was conducted. This experiment has been conducted<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:20"> </ins></span></span>in a random factorial design with 3 replications and indices including CO₂ assimilation rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (g_s), water use efficiency (WUE), <a name="_Hlk155252014">PSII</a> photochemical efficiency (FV/FM), photosynthesis quantum yield (Y), electron transfer rate (ETR), intra-leaf CO₂ concentration (Ci), chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b, chlorophyll stability index and carotenoids were measured after 60 days. The result indicated that all measured parameters except carotenoid were decreased as mercury concentration increased. In 100 mg/kg stress level<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:24">,</ins></span></span> Sirvan genotype had the highest transpiration rate, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, PSII efficiency and Ci as compared to other investigated genotypes. Also, Sepahan genotype showed the highest increase in chlorophyll stability index, stomatal conductance, ETR and quantum yield of photosynthesis at a stress level of 100<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:24"> </ins></span></span>mg/kg as compared with control plants. Parsi genotype had the lowest transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, PSII efficiency, ETR and Ci at a stress level of 100 mg/kg as compared to other investigated genotypes. Based on these results, Parsi genotypes can be introduced as sensitive genotypes, and Sivand and Sirvan genotypes can be introduced as tolerant genotypes to mercury treatment.</span></b></span></span></div> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Mercury is one of the toxic and heavy metals that causes pollution in agricultural fields. <a name="_Hlk165366403">Mercury </a>aggregation disturbs cellular behaviors and stops plant growth. In order to examine the effects of mercury on wheat growth indexes, a study with 4 commercial genotypes of Iran, Sirvan, Sivand, Parsi and Sepahan in various levels<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:19"> </ins></span></span>of this element (0, 30, 70, 100 mg/kg soil) was conducted. This experiment has been conducted<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:20"> </ins></span></span>in a random factorial design with 3 replications and indices including CO₂ assimilation rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (g_s), water use efficiency (WUE), <a name="_Hlk155252014">PSII</a> photochemical efficiency (FV/FM), photosynthesis quantum yield (Y), electron transfer rate (ETR), intra-leaf CO₂ concentration (Ci), chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b, chlorophyll stability index and carotenoids were measured after 60 days. The result indicated that all measured parameters except carotenoid were decreased as mercury concentration increased. In 100 mg/kg stress level<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:24">,</ins></span></span> Sirvan genotype had the highest transpiration rate, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, PSII efficiency and Ci as compared to other investigated genotypes. Also, Sepahan genotype showed the highest increase in chlorophyll stability index, stomatal conductance, ETR and quantum yield of photosynthesis at a stress level of 100<span class="msoIns" style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="color:teal"><ins cite="mailto:Afshar" datetime="2024-03-11T20:24"> </ins></span></span>mg/kg as compared with control plants. Parsi genotype had the lowest transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, PSII efficiency, ETR and Ci at a stress level of 100 mg/kg as compared to other investigated genotypes. Based on these results, Parsi genotypes can be introduced as sensitive genotypes, and Sivand and Sirvan genotypes can be introduced as tolerant genotypes to mercury treatment.</span></b></span></span> Chlorophyll fluorescence, Mercury, Photosynthesis, Triticum aestivum Chlorophyll fluorescence, Mercury, Photosynthesis, Triticum aestivum 97 109 http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1861-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Raheleh Rahbarian Raheleh Rahbarian ra_rahbarian@yahoo.com Yes Assistant Professor of Plant Physiology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor of Plant Physiology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Zahra Talebzade Zahra Talebzade zatalebzadeh@yahoo.com No Department of Environmental Protection, North Khorasan, Iran Department of Environmental Protection, North Khorasan, Iran