Showing 13 results for Medicinal Plants
Saeed Mollaei, Mostafa Ebadi,
Volume 0, Issue 1 (12-2022)
Abstract
Oxidative stress which is caused by overproduction of free radicals or oxygenated radical species, plays a major role in causing many diseases. The findings suggest the use of antioxidants as compounds to control the release of these radicals or directly prevention of their formation. Therefore, antioxidants can be used as drugs to reduce or prevent oxidative stress. Herbal medicines are the basis of modern pharmacy and many antioxidant compounds are derived from plant extracts. Due to the extinction danger of medicinal plants, the industrial production of many plant antioxidants is not possible. As a result, introducing endophytic fungi as a new source of natural antioxidant compounds could be a new way to access and produce natural antioxidants in food and pharmaceutical industries. In this review, the potential of endophytic fungi to produce phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities was investigated. Most endophytic fungi with antioxidant properties belong to the genera Fusarium and Aspergillus. We hope this review provides useful information for readers to understand the potential of endophytic fungi in the production of new antioxidants, and to encourage scientists to undertake projects that may lead to the development of novel natural antioxidant drugs.
Bahareh Kashefi, Bahram Booyeh, Zarintaj Alipour,
Volume 4, Issue 13 (10-2015)
Abstract
Organic fertilizers in sustainable agricultural system are causing yield stability, especially in production of medicinal plants. Also consideration to forgotten medicinal plants such as Zuleng (Eryngium caucasicum Trautv.) that the leaves contain essential oils is most important because of the rich genetic potential. In order to evaluate the effects of different organic and chemical fertilizers on Zuleng (Eryngium caucasicum Trautv.), experiment was installed in a completely randomized block design with three replications in Sari city at 2011- 2012. Treatments were concluded vermicompost, compost, compost and vermicompost, chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and compost, chemical fertilizer and vermicompost, compost and vermicompost and chemical fertilizer, control (no organic or chemical fertilizer). Fertilization rate was 150 kg/ha chemical fertilizer (NPK), 10 T/ha vermicompost and 15 T/ha compost. Fresh and dry yield, leaf area index, leaf number, essential oil percentage and yield and also, major secondary metabolite were investigated. Results had suggested that there were significant differences in most characters between treatments and control (p=%5 level) except essential oil percentage. Highest percentage of1-limonene was in the compost treatment and maximum levels of 5-methyl-2-pyrimidone and β-sesquiphellandrene were in the compost + vermicompost mixture. The highest fresh weight yield, leaf area index and 4-(1, 5-dimethylhex-4-enyl) cyclohex-2-enonepercentage were obtained in 10 T/ha vermicompost treatment.
Mr Parviz Yadollahi, Dr Mohammad Reza Asgharipour, Mr Asghar Ghaderi,
Volume 6, Issue 19 (3-2018)
Abstract
Borage (Borago officinalis L.) is a valuable medicinal plant and its production to meet the needs of the pharmaceutical industry has a high value. The objectives of this work were to evaluate water quality and different fertilizer systems on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of borage. The experiment was conducted as a split-plot arrangement based on compelet block design with three replications in 2012 at the research farm of Zabol University, Zabol, south Iran. The treatments were two irrigation sources: irrigation with fresh and saline water as main-plot, and four fertilization system: application of NPK at 80:40:30 kg ha-1, 40 ton of manure ha-1, NPK at 40:20:15 kg ha-1 plus 20 ton of manure ha-1 and no soil fertility as sub-plot. Salt irrigation water significantly increased antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrates and proline contents. The low quality of irrigation water reduces plant protein, chlorophyll fluorescence and moisture content, however mucilage content did not influence. Application of fertilization significantly increased all studied traits compared with the control except chlorophyll fluorescence. Combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer was more effective than sole application. Interaction of water quality by fertilization was significant only on ascorbate peroxidase. These results suggested that although irrigation with saline water decreased quantitatve and qualitative characteristics of borage, however, replacement part of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers can reduce environmental pollution.
Ali Akbar Ghotbi-Ravandi, Seyed Majid Ghaderian, Zahra Azizollahi,
Volume 8, Issue 31 (9-2019)
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine
the effects of lead (Pb) exposure on bioaccumulation, growth, and tolerance mechanisms in summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Plants were subjected to different levels of
Pb concentrations including 0 (control), 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg L
-1 in growing medium. Pb treatment led to significant increase in root and shoot Pb content. Calculation of BF, TF and TC revealed that Pb preferably accumulated in roots of
S. hortensis and root to shoot transport was effectively restricted. Pb toxicity negatively affected plant growth as indicated by significant decrease in plant dry weight as well as roots and shoot length. Pb stress resulted in significant decrease in chlorophyll
-a, chlorophyll
-b and total chlorophyll content, whereas proline, soluble and reducing carbohydrates and anthocyanin content significantly increased as a result of Pb exposure. Specific activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase and ascorbate peroxidase continuously increased as concentration of Pb in growing medium elevated. Based on our findings, due to high potential for Pb accumulation in root,
S. hortensis may offer a feasible tool for phytostabilization purposes in mildly Pb contaminated soils.
Keyvan Aghaei, Bahareh Rahkhosravani, Leila Moghanlu, Ali Akbar Ghotbi Ravandi,
Volume 8, Issue 33 (12-2019)
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a highly used as an edible and medicinal plant. As in some places of Zanjan province basil plant is cultured and contaminated by heavy metals, such as toxic cadmium metal, a research for analyzing Cd accumulation and its effects on some physiological and biochemical traits of this plant was performed. Seeds were cultured in plastic pots containing perlite and Hoagland’s culture medium in a hydroponic condition. After three weeks, plantlets with enough growth were treated by different concentrations of Cd including: 0 (control), 2, 4 and 8 mM for two weeks. Results showed that, root and shoot dry weight, root and shoot length as well as chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids contents and leaf area in all Cd treatments were decreased compared to the control plants. 8 mM Cd treatment showed the maximum decrease in all above traits. The content of soluble proteins, proline and soluble sugars of roots and shoots of treated plants increased at all Cd treatments compared to the control plants. The activity of catalase enzyme was decreased in roots and shoots of Cd treated plants. However; the activity of peroxidase was increased at all Cd treatments. The concentration of Cd in roots of treated plants was about three times higher than that of shoots at 8 mM Cd concentration. As a conclusion, basil plants showed a little tolerance against Cd heavy metal by increasing of their peroxidase activity, proline, soluble sugars and protein contents. However, they were not able to prevent Cd penetration to their roots and especially shoot contaminated them.
Miss Mohaddeseh Amiri, Dr. Seyed Hassan Zali, Mr. Mehdi Tayyebi, Dr. Qodratollah Heydari, Dr. Jamshid Farmani,
Volume 9, Issue 35 (4-2020)
Abstract
In this study, examines oil percentage and fatty acid composition of Silybum marianum seeds were determined in habitats located in the west of Mazandaran province at different elevations and soil physiochemical properties. After identifying Silybum marianum shrubs in elevation classes of the study area, seeds were sampled using systematic random method and along a 100 m transect at 30 m intervals from three points. After the establishment of transects, in order to study soil physiochemical properties and their relationships with the quantity and quality of fatty acids and oil, three plots were placed in each site and as the number of plant samples, 18 soil samples were taken from the depth of 30 cm and around the root of the plant. Hexane solvent and Soxhlet were used to determine oil content. Identifying fatty acid compositions and Silymarin extraction were done using gas chromatography spectrometer (GC/MS) and methanol solvent in ultrasonic bath, respectively. Based on the results, the highest amount of oil and Silymarin were obtained from plains and mountainous regions, respectively. According to the results, unlike Silymarin, habitat did not have a significant effect on oil content, also the highest amount of oil and Silymarin were obtained from plains and mountainous regions, respectively. Considering the significant effect of habitat on the quality of oil, Oleic acid showed significant negative response to habitat. Soil organic matter and calcium carbonate also had negative inverse relationships with elevation. Sand, potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen indicated negative relationship with oil percentage. Elevation had positive relationship with Margaric acid and Linoleic acid, but negative relationship with Oleic acid. There was positive relationship between Palmitic acid and sand, phosphorus and nitrogen. Because the Oleic acid was predominant followed by the Linoleic acid, it can be concluded that Silybum marianum oil is in the Oleic-Linoleic oil group with high nutritional quality, thus cultivation of this oily seed could be an alternative to produce edible oil and reduce the dependence on other countries.
Azizollah Kheiry, Mohadseh Zarandood, Allolo Afsoon Rezaie, Taher Barzgar, Mitra Aelaei,
Volume 9, Issue 38 (8-2020)
Abstract
In order to study the effect of nitroxin bio-fertilizers (0, 3 and 6 liters per hectare) and ammonium sulfate fertilizer (0, 75 and 150 kg.ha-1) on yield, phytochemical, phenotypic and trace elements of Marrubium vulgare L., a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with three replications was conducted at Zanjan University in 2017. Nitroxin bio-fertilizer and ammonium sulfate had a significant effect on yield and mineral yield index. The highest weight of air part organs (157 g), inflorescence (349), inflorescence flowers (11.53 cm), total chlorophyll (12 mg.g-1), Phenol (112 mg.g-1), antioxidant (99.26) and tannin (35.66 mg.g-1) in combined treatments of 3 liters per hectare of nitroxin with 150 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate and 6 liters of nitroxin treatment with 75 kg/ha of ammonium Sulfate and the highest amount of flavonoid (12.96 mg.g-1) with 6 liters per hectare of nitroxin, with 150 kg ha-1, ammonium sulfate and anthocyanin (11.12 mg.g-1), was obtained in 6 liters/ha nitroxin. In conclusion, the results showed that biofertilizer consumption of nitroxin and ammonium sulfate, as compared to control, could be effective in increasing economic performance and qualitative characteristics of plant growth.
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Sayed Abdollah Jafari, Jalal Khorshidi, Mohammad Reza Morshedloo, Farahnaz Houshidari,
Volume 10, Issue 44 (7-2021)
Abstract
Identification of water deficit tolerance plants with a high economic efficiency can led to increase in production under rainfed conditions. Satureja is one of the most widely used medicinal plants belonged to Lamiaceae family which has high species diversity. In this research, dry matter yield, essential oil content and water deficit tolerance in some of Iranian native Satureja species including Satureja bachtiarica Bunge, Satureja sahendica Bornm., Satureja spicigera (K.Koch) Boiss., Satureja macrantha C.A. Mey. and Satureja mutica Fisch. & C.A.Mey. were evaluated under irrigated and rainfed conditions using stress tolerance indices as split plots based on RCB design in 2018, at Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Plants were harvested in flowering stage and essential oil was extracted using Clevenger apparatus for three hours. Results indicated that irrigation treatment had significant effect only on dry matter yield. Interaction effect of species and irrigation treatment was significant only on essential oil content, but both mentioned traits were affected by species type. The highest (2.12 %) and the lowest (0.48 %) essential oil content were belonged to S. mutica and S. macrantha species under rainfed condition, respectively. The highest (482.72 g) and the lowest (44.4 g) dry matter yield per plant were obtained from S. spicigera and S. sahendica species, respectively. Based on factor analysis and correlation results, MP, GMP, STI and HAM indices were considered the best indices for identification of tolerant species to rainfed condition and based on mentioned indices, S. spicigera was identified the most tolerable and suitable species for cultivating under rainfed condition of Kurdistan province.
Maryam Yaghobzadeh, Ahmad Mohtadi, Athar Sadat Javanmard, Ali Akbar Ghotbi Ravandi,
Volume 10, Issue 45 (12-2021)
Abstract
Plants need essential nutrients for their growth and development. Iron and boron are micronutrients that are needed by plants in very small concentrations. This study was conducted as a pot experiment to investigate the effect of iron and boron on Achillea millefolium in a factorial randomized complete design with three replications. Iron at three levels (0, 5 and 20 μM) and boron at three levels (25, 50 and 75 μM) were selected. The results showed that the effects of iron, boron and their interaction on most of the growth and physiological indices of Achillea millefolium were significant. Iron (20 μM) and boron (75 μM) and their interaction significantly increased chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a / b ratio, carotenoid compared to the control samples (20 μM iron and 25 μM boron). Different concentrations of boron had no effect on relative water content. Also, different concentrations of boron and iron did not lead to a significant change in the root dry weight. Iron significantly influenced root and shoot iron concentration and soluble leaf protein. Boron had no significant effect on shoot iron concentration, but changed other two indices significantly. The maximum amount of root and shoot iron was 951 and 620 µg/g DW, respectively. In conclusion, it seemed that treatments of Achillea millefolium with iron (20 µM) and boron (75 µM) lead to significant increase in growth and physiological parameters of this plant.
Ali Porghalandar, Heidar Meftahizade, Mohammad Reza Kudori,
Volume 11, Issue 47 (1-2023)
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers including compost and manure on morphological, yield and qualitative characteristics of Rosa damascena Mill, an experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with 7 treatments in 3 replications in Sirjan city in 2018-2019. The treatments included compost (20, 25 and 30 tons per hectare) and manure (10, 15 and 20 tons per hectare) along with the control (without fertilizer application). Results showed that fertilizer in all of the investigated characteristics was significant. Mean comparison of data showed that 20 tons / hectare manure responded better regarding to canopy, height, leaf length and width, fresh and dry weight of flowers, number of flowers, phenol, chlorophyll, and antioxidant. On the other hand, 30 tons / ha compost showed maximum in number of branches, leaves per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant and essential oil yield. Also, cluster analysis showed that 20 and 30 tons / hectare manure and compost were put in the same group. Based on the results, 20 and 30 tons / hectare manure and compost, respectively, had the maximum effect on morphological and qualitative characteristics of Rosa damascena Mill seedlings.
Hamid Reza Boostani , Alireza Mahmoodi ,
Volume 12, Issue 58 (1-2024)
Abstract
High concentrations of nutrients in medicinal plants may be harmful to humans and animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the concentration of some macro-nutrients (calcium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium) and micro-nutrients (iron, manganese, copper, and zinc) in five famous native medicinal plants grown in the rangelands of the Darab region, southern Iran. The concentrations of micro-nutrients, calcium and magnesium, were obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry, sodium and potassium by flame photometer, and the concentration of phosphorus by spectrophotometer in the extract obtained from the dry combustion method and dissolved in 2 N HCl. The results showed that the variation range in the concentration of measured elements was wide. The studied medicinal plants contained significant amounts of calcium (0.325-1.925%), phosphorus (0.096-0.266%), and potassium (0.188-4.312%). The highest concentrations of iron (517.45 mg kg-1 DM) and copper (11.8 mg kg-1 dry weight) were observed in Maryam nokhodi (Tecurium persicum). The greatest concentrations of zinc (22.5 mg kg-1 DM) and manganese (200.75 mg kg-1 DM) were observed in Shekar shapha (Otostegia persica) and Konar (Ziziphus spina-christi) plants, respectively. The content of micronutrients in the studied medicinal plants (except copper) was higher than the standard limit reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) for edible plants. Finally, in the case of excessive and continuous consumption of these medicinal plants, harmful side effects are not far from expectation. The amount and time interval of the studied medicinal plant consumption must be done according to the opinion of medicinal plant experts.
Arezo Hashemi, Hossein Ali Asadi-Gharneh,
Volume 13, Issue 60 (5-2024)
Abstract
Using nature-compatible fertilizer and suitable for optimum plant growth can have favorable effects on the plant's quantitative and qualitative indices. In the present study, the effect of different composts on the vegetative growth, biochemical characteristics and essential oil of coriander in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the agricultural research of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, which was located in Khatun Abad village during 2021, was performed. Experimental treatments included 16 treatments (control, compost of some medicinal plants (5, 10 and 15 kg m-2), sugarcane compost (2, 4 and 6 kg m-2), licorice compost (1, 2 and 3 kg m-2), Palm compost (2, 4 and 6 kg m-2) and Damask rose waste compost (4, 5 and 6 kg m-2). The results showed that the level of 6 kg m-2 of sugarcane compost showed the best results among other fertilizer treatments in most traits. Plant height (95.52 cm) and leaf area (531.0 m m-2) with the application of licorice compost 3 kg m-2 were higher than other treatments. The highest amount of essential oil (29%), total chlorophyll (1.46 mg g-1), and phenolic compounds (348 mg kg-1) was obtained with the use of 6 kg sugarcane per square meter. Linalool was the most abundant compound in coriander essential oil in all treatments. It can be concluded that sugarcane and licorice compost, through improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, led to improved coriander growth and quantity traits.
Hadiseh Sadeghi, Jafar Ahmadi, Farhad Habibzadeh, Sedigheh Fabriki Ourang,
Volume 13, Issue 60 (5-2024)
Abstract
Japanese barberry or ornamental barberry (Berberis thunbergii) belongs to the Berberidaceae family. This family have several properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The healing properties of barberry have been known and studied for thousands of years. In order to study the changes in the physiological-biochemical characteristics of Japanese barberry under the influence of abiotic elicitors, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in the greenhouse and laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Imam Khomeini International University in 2018-2019. The treatments included methyl jasmonate elicitors, salicylic acid, titanium dioxide and no elicitor (control) in four replications. In this research, the amount of leaf photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes of leaf and root tissues of Japanese barberry plant were extracted and measured. The results showed that the effect of the experimental treatments on the amount of photosynthetic leaf pigments and antioxidant enzymes in the two studied tissues was significant at the 1% probability level. Comparison of the means showed that salicylic acid treatment increased the amount of chlorophyll a and total leaf chlorophyll compared to the control by 20.9% and 21.3%, respectively. Salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate increased 29.9 and 19.1 percent of carotenoid content in leaves, respectively, compared to the control. The highest protein content of the root was produced with the use of salicylic acid, which increased by 38.6% compared to the control. The activity of catalase enzyme in the root increased by salicylic acid and titanium dioxide elicitors by 76.8 and 52.2%, respectively, compared to the control. In leaves, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate elicitors increased catalase enzyme activity by 104.1% and 57.1%, respectively. From this research, it was concluded that salicylic acid had the greatest effect in increasing the amount of pigments and the activity of antioxidant enzymes of the Japanese barberry plant, which can be used for medicinal products.
