Roya Saeedi, Bahareh Parsa Mtolagh, Azam Seyedi, Hossein Shekofteh,
Volume 11, Issue 49 (vol. 11, no. 48 2022)
Abstract
Excessive consumption of nitrogen (N) to enhance production, may lead to environmental pollution. Meanwhile sustainable production is threatened due to low soil fertility and organic matter. This study was carried out as a factorial experiment in the randomized complete block design and three replications at the research field of the University of Jiroft in 2018-2019. The present study investigated the effects of sources of N fertilizers and cow manure on safflower products in the arid climates of Iran. Two levels of cow manure (0 and 30 t ha-1), and six levels of sources of N fertilizer (control, 130 Kg ha-1 N from the sources of urea with a sulfur coating, ammonium nitrate, nano-N, urea, and 1L nitroxin per Kg grain) were used according to the results of soil analysis. Interaction of cow manure and different sources of N fertilizer increased 32-47 % SPAD index at the late vegetative and 37-50 % at the early reproductive stage, 58-81% oil percent and oil yield, 28-81% protein yield, 42-57 % plant height, 52-72 % lateral branches number and 49-78 % grain yield compared to the control. Among the sources of nitrogen fertilizers, nitroxin, nano N, urea with a sulfur coating, ammonium nitrate, and urea had a more positive effect on evaluated characteristics, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation (P≤0.01) between yield components. The best result in this study, were obtained by simultaneous use of cow manure to the soil and inoculating the grains to nitroxin before being planted. Therefore, the simultaneous use of organic and biological fertilizers, in addition to reducing environmental pollution due to the non-use of chemical fertilizers and reducing production costs, can produce healthy products and byproducts of safflower in arid climates.
Vahab Sohrabi Muri, Davood Azadfar, Khodayar Hemmati, Zohreh Saeedi,
Volume 11, Issue 50 (vol. 11, no. 50 2022)
Abstract
The medicinal shrub, scientifically named Myrtus communis L. is one of the valuable wild medicinal shrubs. The aim of this study was to investigate the essential oil, phenol and flavonoid compositions of this plant in three forest habitats of Zagros. For this purpose, leaf samples were prepared from 20 stands with a distance of at least 15 meters during the flowering season. Then, essential oil extraction was carried out by water distillation using Clevenger apparatus and the content of phenol and flavonoids was measured using Folin-Cocaltive and Aluminum Chloride methods, respectively and Gas chromatography and gas chromatography devices connected to mass spectrometers were used to identify the essential oil compounds. The results showed that the highest content of phenols and flavonoids was related to the habitat of Mal-Agha Khuzestan with an average of 3.048 mg of quercetin per gram of extract and 7.79 mg of gallic acid per gram of extract, respectively. The results also showed that the five compounds of α-pinene, cineole, linalool, alphaterpineol and linalyl acetate were the main and predominant essential oils of this species in all habitats. Findings of this study showed that the environmental characteristics of the habitat, especially altitude, electrical conductivity and organic carbon affect the phenol and flavonoid content
