Volume 15, Issue 72 (vol. 15, no. 72 2026)
2026, 15(72): 117-138 |
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Rostami F, Eisvand H R, Daneshvar M, Saeidi M, Rahimi-Moghaddam S. The synergistic effects of a microbial consortium and sodium EDTA on cadmium detoxification and the antioxidant defense system in forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Plant Process and Function 2026; 15 (72) : 8
URL: http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2272-en.html
URL: http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2272-en.html
Farzad Rostami1 
, Hamid Reza Eisvand *2 , Mashallah Daneshvar1 , Mohsen Saeidi3 , Sajjad Rahimi-Moghaddam1
, Hamid Reza Eisvand *2 , Mashallah Daneshvar1 , Mohsen Saeidi3 , Sajjad Rahimi-Moghaddam1
1- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran ,eisvand.hr@lu.ac.ir
3- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran ,
3- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Abstract: (27 Views)
The intensifying contamination of agricultural soils with cadmium has heightened the need for sustainable strategies to alleviate oxidative stress and improve the physiological performance of plants. Microbial consortia and chelating agents are among the emerging approaches considered effective for managing this stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria (Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas fluorescens), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and sodium EDTA on growth indices, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant enzyme activities of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) grown in soil contaminated with 40 mg kg⁻¹ cadmium sulfate. The experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with four replications. Results showed that the triple interaction among bacterial inoculation, mycorrhizal symbiosis, and sodium EDTA was significant for seedling emergence percentage, chlorophyll b content, and antioxidant enzyme activities. The highest seedling emergence percentage was observed in the P. agglomerans × no mycorrhiza × no sodium EDTA treatment, showing a 31.72% increase compared with the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased by 22.17% in the P. fluorescens × mycorrhiza × no sodium EDTA treatment, while peroxidase (POD) activity was 49.5% higher in P. fluorescens × no mycorrhiza × sodium EDTA compared to the control. Mycorrhiza alone enhanced leaf soluble protein and total chlorophyll content by 7.4% and 9.13%, respectively. The highest carotenoid content was obtained in the P. agglomerans × sodium EDTA treatment, with a 3.13% increase over the control. Overall, the combination of P. fluorescens with mycorrhiza, without sodium EDTA, produced the most substantial improvements in the plant’s defense mechanisms and the preservation of photosynthetic pigments. Therefore, the synergistic application of beneficial microorganisms can be proposed as a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy to mitigate cadmium toxicity and enhance the phytoremediation potential of forage sorghum.
Article number: 8
Keywords: Bioremediation, Heavy Metals, Microbial Symbiosis, Oxidative Stress, Physiological Response, Rhizosphere
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Toxic ions stress
Received: 2025/10/17 | Accepted: 2025/12/28 | Published: 2026/06/2
Received: 2025/10/17 | Accepted: 2025/12/28 | Published: 2026/06/2
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